Officially, Kazakhstan is a democratic, secular, constitutional unitary republic. The president may veto legislation that has been passed by the parliament and is also the commander in chief of the armed forces. The prime minister chairs the cabinet of ministers and serves as Kazakhstan's head of government.

There are three deputy prime ministers and sixteen ministers in the cabinet. Kazakhstan has a bicameral parliament composed of the Majilis (the lower house) and senate (the upper house).] Single-mandate districts popularly elect 107 seats in the Majilis; there also are ten members elected by party-list vote.

The senate has 48 members. Two senators are selected by each of the elected assemblies (mäslihats) of Kazakhstan's sixteen principal administrative divisions (fourteen regions plus the cities of Astana, Almaty, and Shymkent).

The president appoints the remaining fifteen senators. Majilis deputies and the government both have the right of legislative initiative, though the government proposes most legislation considered by the parliament.

• Government exercises the executive power of the Republic of Kazakhstan, heads the system of executive bodies and manages their activities.
• Government is formed by the president in accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
• The ministries constitute the structure of the Government.
• The Government includes members of the Government – the prime minister, his deputies, ministers and other officials.